Delegation Poker
Developed by Jurgen Appelo as part of Management 3.0, Delegation Poker uses playing cards to make delegation levels explicit. Seven delegation levels range from 'Tell' (I decide, I tell you) through 'Consult', 'Agree', 'Advise', 'Inquire', to 'Delegate' (you decide, I trust you). Teams use it to align on who makes which decisions — eliminating the ambiguity that causes most organisational friction.
Copione di facilitazione
- 1
Hand each player a set of seven cards and walk the levels from the delegator's perspective: 1 Tell (I decide and inform you), 2 Sell (I decide and convince you), 3 Consult (I ask your input, then decide), 4 Agree (we decide together), 5 Advise (I advise, you decide), 6 Inquire (you decide, I ask afterwards), 7 Delegate (you decide, I don't need the details). Stress that no level is bad — mismatched expectations are the enemy, not low numbers.
6 min - 2
Build the decision list with the group: ask for real decisions that cause friction — hiring a new team member, choosing the technology stack, setting sprint goals — and write each on its own card. Aim for six to ten concrete items.
6 min - 3
Run the first case slowly: read the decision aloud, have everyone pick a card privately, then reveal simultaneously on a count of three. Ban table talk before the reveal — the divergence is the data.
4 min - 4
Debrief the spread: invite the highest and lowest cards to explain first, and clarify whether people voted on current reality or desired state — mixing the two produces phantom disagreements.
6 min - 5
Work through the remaining decisions at a faster clip, re-voting after discussion whenever the spread was wide, and settle on one agreed level per decision before moving on.
18 min - 6
Record every agreed level on a delegation board — decisions in rows, the seven levels in columns — photograph it, and post it where the team actually works.
5 min - 7
Close by agreeing when to revisit: delegation levels are snapshots, not statutes. Book a review in about three months or after the next significant team change.
3 min
Suggerimenti
The game's value is in the conversations triggered by divergence, not in the final numbers.
Most teams discover they have fundamentally different assumptions about who is empowered to decide what.
Document the results in a Delegation Board.',
Errori comuni
Averaging the cards into a number and moving on — the mathematical middle satisfies nobody; the value sits in the argument between the 2 and the 6, so give that conversation the time
Letting the most senior person editorialise before the reveal — one raised eyebrow re-anchors the whole table; keep picks private until every card is up
Leaving ambiguous whether a round is about how decisions work today or how they should work — half the table answers each question and the spread looks like conflict when it is just crossed wires
Ending without writing anything down — verbal 'level five-ish' agreements evaporate within a sprint; the delegation board is the deliverable, not the game
Variazioni
Run as a team-only exercise, or include managers and direct reports together for cross-level alignment. Combine with a Delegation Board to create a visual map of decision authority.
Casi d'uso
Quando usarlo
A new leader and team need decision authority made explicit before ambiguity hardens into micromanagement complaints on one side and unpleasant surprises on the other
Recurring friction where the manager believes something was delegated and the team believes it was not — the same decision keeps escalating
An agile transformation preaches empowered teams but nobody can name which decisions the team actually owns
Reorganisations, team merges, or scope changes have quietly shifted who decides what, and nobody has re-contracted it
Quando non usarlo
Playing on behalf of an absent manager and presenting the result as an agreement — without the person who holds the authority you have mapped wishes, not re-contracted anything; run team-only rounds as preparation, then repeat with the manager present
Trust is acutely broken — cards revealing that the boss picks Tell where the team hoped for Delegate can harden fronts; do repair work first, or start with deliberately low-stakes decisions
One urgent decision needs making today — the poker calibrates decision rights in general; just make the call, and use the game later to prevent the next scramble
The decision list is trivial — playing seven-card poker over who orders team lunch wastes the format; reserve it for decisions people actually collide over, like hiring, tooling, and budgets
Metodi correlati
Domande frequenti
How long does Delegation Poker take?▾
Plan 30–60 minutes depending on the list: roughly ten minutes for setup and explaining the seven levels, then five to seven minutes per decision including discussion. Six to ten decisions fit comfortably in an hour; a longer list is better split over two sessions than rushed.
How many people can play Delegation Poker?▾
It works from two people — a manager and one report re-contracting their working relationship — up to about 20. Beyond eight or so, split into parallel tables and merge results onto one delegation board, or the reveal discussions stretch past everyone's patience.
Can you play Delegation Poker remotely?▾
Yes — use a planning-poker-style online tool, a shared board where players flip hidden cards, or simply have everyone type their number into chat and press enter on a count of three. The one rule worth protecting at all costs is the simultaneous reveal.
What is the difference between Delegation Poker and a RACI matrix?▾
RACI documents roles per task, is usually drafted by one person, and offers nothing between responsible and accountable. Delegation Poker makes the full spectrum between 'I decide' and 'you decide' explicit in seven steps and, more importantly, surfaces the disagreements about it through the game itself. The resulting delegation board can feed a RACI afterwards if your organisation requires one.
What do you need to prepare for Delegation Poker?▾
A deck of seven cards per player — printable sets exist from Management 3.0, and hand-labelled index cards work just as well — plus a starter list of five to ten real decisions that cause friction. Collecting that list from participants a few days ahead keeps the session focused on playing rather than brainstorming.
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