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What, So What, Now What? W³

This method helps groups reflect on a shared experience by progressing through three stages: What happened, why it's important, and what actions should follow. It's designed to encourage understanding and coordinated action while minimizing conflict.

Duration
45m
Group size
5+ people
Materials
Chairs, Paper, Flip chart…
CCBY-SA 4.0

How to run it

  1. 1

    Arrange participants in small groups of 5-7.

  2. 2

    Ask 'WHAT? What happened?' Allow individuals 1 minute alone, then 2-7 minutes in their small group to discuss.

  3. 3

    Have groups share key observations with the whole group.

  4. 4

    Ask 'SO WHAT? Why is that important?' Again, allow 1 minute alone, then 2-7 minutes in small groups.

  5. 5

    Collect emerging patterns and conclusions from each group.

  6. 6

    Ask 'NOW WHAT? What actions make sense?' Give 1 minute for individual reflection, followed by 2-7 minutes in groups.

  7. 7

    Discuss and collect proposed actions with the whole group.

Tips

  • Ensure each group understands the questions clearly to avoid confusion.

  • Use examples to clarify.

  • Encourage groups to focus on unique and meaningful insights rather than repetitive lists.

  • Don't rush through the 'So What?' stage, as it's crucial for linking observations to actions.

Variations

Use a talking object to slow down and deepen discussions. Consider adding a 'What If?' question to explore potential alternatives. Invite a small group to debrief in front of everyone for diverse perspectives.

Where it fits

Reflecting on a completed project to determine next steps.Analyzing a recent event to understand its impact and implications.Facilitating a team debrief after a significant change or challenge.
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Method descriptions on Workshop Weaver are original content written by our team, based on established facilitation practices. This method was inspired by work from Liberating Structures. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

What, So What, Now What? W³ — Facilitation Method | Workshop Weaver